Норадреналин — нейромедиатор, имеющий отношение к настроению, концентрации и мотивации. Связан с проблемами внимания, депрессией и тревожностью.
Окситоцин — гормон, связанный с чувством привязанности.
Передняя часть поясной извилины — переключатель скоростей мозга. Тянется по всей длине «стыка» лобных долей. Обеспечивает когнитивную гибкость.
Позитронно-эмиссионная томография — метод визуализации мозга, в котором используются изотопы. Демонстрирует метаболизм глюкозы и характер активности мозга.
Префронтальная, или лобная, кора — кора лобных долей. Находится в передней трети больших полушарий мозга и отвечает за так называемые исполнительные функции, например, предвидение и суждение.
Серотонин — нейромедиатор, связанный с настроением, гибкостью и переключением внимания. Имеет отношение к проблемам депрессии, обсессивно-компульсивному расстройству, расстройствам питания, нарушениям сна и к ощущению боли.
Синапсы (или синаптические щели) — пространство между соседними нервными клетками, посредством которого окончание аксона одного нейрона сообщается с дендритом другого нейрона. Существует два типа синапсов: электрические и химические.
Теменные доли — верхняя задняя область больших полушарий мозга, задействованная в обработке сенсорной визуальной информации, зрительном восприятии движений и чувстве направления.
Центральная нервная система включает головной и спинной мозг.
Глава 1
Amen, D. G. 2005. Making a Good Brain Great. New York: Harmony Books.
Amen, D. G., C. Hanks, J. R. Prunella, et al. 2007. An analysis of regional cerebral blood flow in impulsive murderers using single photon emission computed tomography. Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience 19(3): 304–309.
Gilbert, S. 2005. Married with problems? Therapy may not help. New York Times. April 19. http://www.nytimes.com/2005/04/19/health/ psychology/19coup.html?r= 1 &oref=slogin.
Глава 2
Adams, J., С. M. Adler, K. Jarvis, et al. 2007. Evidence of anterior temporal atrophy in college — level soccer players. Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine 17(4): 304–306.
Feldman, H. A., I. Goldstein, D. G. Hatzichristou, et al. 1994. Impotence and its medical and psychological correlates: Results of the Massachusetts Male Aging Study. Journal of Urology 151: 54–61.
Firlik, K. Another Day in the Frontal Lobe: A Brain Surgeon Exposes Life on the Inside. New York: Random House.
Глава 3
Amen, D. G. and J. Payne. Making a Good Brain Great High School Course, 2005.
http://amenclinics.com/store/index.php?mainpage=productinfo&cPath=6&productsid=39.
Anderson, С. A. and К. Е. Dill. 2000. Video games and aggressive thoughts, feelings, and behavior in the laboratory and in life. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 78(4): 772–790.
Bartholow, B. D., M. A. Sestir and E. B. Davis. 2005. Correlates and consequences of exposure to video game violence: hostile personality, empathy, and aggressive behavior. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 2005 Nov 31(11): 1573–1586.
Ding, J., M. L. Eigenbrodt, T. H. Mosley, Jr., et al. 2003. Alcohol intake and cerebral abnormalities on magnetic resonance imaging in a community- based population of middle- aged adults: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study. Stroke 35(1): 16–21.
Hancox, R. J., B. J. Milne, and R. Poulton. 2004. Association between child and adolescent television viewing and adult health: A longitudinal birth cohort study. Lancet 364(9430): 257–262.
Lindstrom, H. A., T. Fritsch, G. Petot, et al. 2005. The relationships between television viewing in midlife and the development of Alzheimer’s disease in a casecontrol study. Brain and Cognition 58(2): 157-65.
Park, R. M., P. A. Schulte, J. D. Bowman, et al. 2005. Potential occupational risks for neurodegenerative diseases. American Journal of Industrial Medicine 48(1): 63–77.
Wilson, G. D. http://www.cnn.com/2005/WORLD/europe/04/22/text.iq/.
Глава 4
Amen, D. G. 2000. Change Your Brain, Change Your Life. 2000. New York: Three Rivers Press.
Kessler, R. С, P. A. Berglund, O. Dernier, et al. 2005. Lifetime prevalence and ageof-onset distributions of DSM-IV disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R). Archives of General Psychiatry 62(6): 593–602.
Глава 5
Поливитамины
Fairfield, К. М., and R. Н. Fletcher. 2002. Vitamins for chronic disease prevention in adults: Scientific review. Journal of the American Medical Association 287(23): 3116–3126.
Fletcher, R. H., and К. M. Fairfield. 2002. Vitamins for chronic disease prevention in adults: Clinical applications. Journal of the American Medical Association 287(23): 3127–3129.
Жирные кислоты омега-3/рыбий жир
Appel, L. J., Е. R. Miller III, A. J. Seidler, et al. 1993. Does supplementation of diet with «fish oil» reduce blood pressure? A meta-analysis of controlled clinical trials. Archives of Internal Medicine 153(12): 1429–1438.
Hiroshima, F., A. M. Parow, A. L. Stoll, et al. 2004. Omega-3 fatty acid treatment and T(2) whole brain relaxation times in bipolar disorder. American Journal of Psychiatry 161(10): 1922–1924.
Stoll, A. L., К. E. Damico, B. P. Daly, et al. 2001. Methodological considerations in clinical studies of omega-3 fatty acids in major depression and bipolar disorder. World Review of Nutrition and Dietetics 88: 58–67.
Глава 6
СДВ
Amen, D. G. 2001. Healing ADD: The Breakthrough Program That Allows You to See and Heal the 6 Types of ADD. New York: Putnam.
Benton, D., and G. Roberts. 1988. Effect of vitamin and mineral supplementation on intelligence of a sample of schoolchildren. Lancet 1(8578): 140–143.
McCann, D., A. Barrett, A. Cooper, et al. 2007. Food additives and hyperactive behaviour in 3-year-old and 8/9-year-old children in the community: A randomised, double- blinded, placebo- controlled trial. Lancet 370(9598): 1560–1567.
Pelsser, L. M., K. Frankena, J. Toorman, et al. A randomised controlled trial into the effects of food on ADHD. European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry.
Жирные кислоты омега-3/рыбий жир
Colter, A. L, С. Cutler, and К. A. Meckling. 2008. Fatty acid status and behavioural symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in adolescents: a casecontrol study. Nutrition Journal 7: 8.
Johnson, M., S. Ostlund, G. Fransson, et al. Omega-3/Omega-6 fatty acids for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: A randomized placebo-controlled trial in children and adolescents. Journal of Attention Disorders.
Richardson, A. J., and P. Montgomery. 2005. The Oxford- Durham study: A randomized, controlled trial of dietary supplementation with fatty acids in children with developmental coordination disorder. Pediatrics 115(5): 1360–1366.
Ацетил-L-карнитин
Arnold, L. E., A. Amato, H. Bozzolo, et al. Acetyl-L-carnitine (ALC) in attentiondeficit / hyperactivity disorder: A multi- site, placebo-controlled pilot trial. Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology 17(6): 791–802.
Bianchetti, A., R. Rozzini, and M. Trabucchi. 1992. Effects of acetyl- L-carnitine in Alzheimer’s disease patients unresponsive to acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. Current Medical Research and Opinion 19(4): 350–353.
Bowman, B. 1992. Acetyl- carnitine and Alzheimer’s disease. Nutrition Reviews 50: 142–144.
Rossini, М., О. Di Munno, G. Valentini, et al. 2007. Double-blind, multicenter trial comparing acetyl- L- carnitine with placebo in the treatment of fibromyalgia patients. Clinical and Experimental Rheumatology 25(2): 182–188.
Tempesta, E., L. Casella, C. Pirrongelli, et al. L-acetylcarnitine in depressed elderly subjects. A cross-over study vs. placebo. Drugs Under Experimental 8c Clinical Research 13(7): 417–423.
DL-фенилаланин
Baker, G. B., R. A. Bornstein, A. C. Rouget, et al. 1991. Phenylethylamin-ergic mechanisms in attention- deficit disorder. Biological Psychiatry 29(1): 15–22.
Beckmann, H., M. A. Strauss, and E. Ludolph. 1977. DL- phenylalanine in depressed patients: An open study. Journal of Neural Transmission 41(2–3): 123–134.
Walsh, N. E., S. Ramamurthy, L. Schoenfeld, et al. 1986. Analgesic effectiveness of
ГАМК
Abdou, A. M., S. Higashiguchi, K. Horie, et al. 2006. Relaxation and immunity enhancement effects of gamma- aminobutyric acid (GABA) administration in humans. Biofactors 26(3): 201–208.
Chovanova, Z., J. Muchova, M. Sivonova, et al. Effect of polyphenolic extract, Pycnogenol, on the level of 8- oxoguanine in children suffering from attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Free Radical Research 40(9): 1003–1010.
Dvorakova, M., M. Sivonova, J. Trebaticka, et al. 2006. The effect of polyphenolic extract from pine bark, Pycnogenol on the level of glutathione in children suffering from attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Redox Report 11(4): 163–172.
L-тирозин
Chiaroni, P., J. М. Azorin, Р. Bovier, et al. 1990. A multivariate analysis of red blood cell membrane transports and plasma levels ot L- tyrosine and L- tryptophan in depressed patients before treatment and after clinical improvement. Neuropsychobiology 23(1): 1–7.
Kelly, G. S. 1999. Nutritional and botanical interventions to assist with the adaptation to stress. Alternative Medicine Review 4(4): 249–265.
Meyers, S. 2000. Use of neurotransmitter precursors for treatment of depression. Alternative Medicine Review 5(1): 64–71.
Wagenmakers, A. J. 1999. Amino acid supplements to improve athletic performance. Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care 2(6): 539–544.
S-аденозилметионин (SAMe)
Baldessarini, R. J. 1987. Neuropharmacology of S- adenosyl- L- methionine. American Journal of Medicine 83(5A): 95-103.
Bell, К. M., et al. 1994. S- adenosylmethionine blood levels in major depression: changes with drug treatment. Acta Neurologica Scandi-navica Supplement 154: 15–18.
Fava, M., A. Giannelli, V. Rapisarda, et al. 1995. Rapidity of onset of the antidepressant effect of parenteral S- adenosyl- L- methionine. Psychiatry Research 56(3): 295–297.
Gaby, A. R. 1999. Natural treatments for osteoarthritis. Alternative Medicine Review 4(5): 330–341.
Konig, B. 1987. A long-term (two years) clinical trial with S- adenosylmethionine for the treatment of osteoarthritis. American Journal of Medicine 83(5A): 89–94.
Leventhal, L. J. 1999. Management of fibromyalgia. Annals of Internal Medicine 131: 850–858.
Зверобой
Behnke, К., G. S. Jensen, Н. J. Graubaum, et al. 2002. Hypericum perforatum versus fluoxetine in the treatment of mild to moderate depression. Advances in Therapy 19(1): 43–52.
Brenner, R., V. Azbel, S. Madhusoodanan, et al. 2000. Comparison of an extract of hypericum (LI 160) and sertraline in the treatment of depression: A doubleblind, randomized pilot study. Clinical Therapeutics 22(4): 411–419.
Kalb, R., R. D. Trautmann- Sponsel, and M. Kieser. 2001. Efficacy and tolerability of hypericum extract WS 5572 versus placebo in mildly to moderately depressed patients. A randomized double- blind multicenter clinical trial. Pharmacopsychiatry 34(3): 96-103.
Simeon, J., M. Nixon, R. Milin, et al. 2005. Open- label pilot study of St. Johns wort in adolescent depression. Journal of Child & Adolescent Psychopharmacology 15(2): 293–301.
